Driving With Disability

driving with disability

Disabilities and Driving

Nice article from law firm on driving with disabilities

Thanks to the Americans with Disabilities Act, departments of motor vehicles cannot deny a person a driver’s license simply because of a disability.

What are some disabilities that people drive with?

Many people with a disability can drive safely. The type and severity of a disability can determine whether driving is safe for you. These are some of the disabilities that people have who are still able to drive.

Alzheimer's disease and dementia

Alzheimer’s disease and dementia

Individuals with mild cases of dementia (such as Alzheimer’s disease) may still be able to drive. But as memory loss increases or decision-making skills deteriorate, they should stop driving. If you’re not sure about whether it’s safe for you or a loved one with dementia to drive, ask the patient’s doctor to make this determination.

Epilepsy

Epilepsy

Each state has regulations on how a person with epilepsy can get a driver’s license. Many states require people with epilepsy to be seizure-free for a specific length of time and submit a physician’s evaluation of their ability to drive safely. Other common requirements include ongoing medical reports while they have their driver’s license.

More than 50 million people across the globe, with 1.1 percent of U.S. adults live with epilepsy. Driving with this condition requires careful consideration and adherence to safety guidelines to help minimize the risk of accidents or injury. By staying informed and working closely with your healthcare provider, individuals with epilepsy can navigate the road safely and confidently. We made a new guide about the risks and safety tips on driving with this condition. Check it out below:

chopranocerino.com/guide-to-driving-with-epilepsy/

Hearing loss

Hearing loss

Having any loss of hearing will affect your ability to hear your surroundings while driving, such as another vehicle honking or a train horn if you’re about to drive over train tracks. If you are hard of hearing, don’t drive if your doctor believes it would put you and others at risk for an accident.

Paralysis

Paralysis

Paralysis may prevent a driver from controlling certain vehicle functions while driving, like steering or using the gas and brake pedals. However, modern assistive devices, such as foot wheels, are available to help overcome many situations.

Reduced limb or finger function

Reduced limb or finger function

It can be challenging for drivers to use a car’s control functions — such as the turn signal, windshield wipers, and cruise control — if they have reduced limb or finger function. Assistive tools, such as control extensions, can help make driving more accessible.

Weakened muscles

Weakened muscles

Those who have recently had a stroke may have weakened muscles and therefore may experience challenges with vehicle control functions. Depending on the level of weakness, assistive tools, such as a tri-pin steering device, may make driving more accessible.

parkinson's disease

Parkinson’s disease

People with Parkinson’s disease may have tremors and/or stiffness in their limbs, which can be a driving risk. People with Parkinson’s disease are often able to safely drive during the early stages of their diagnosis or if medications help control their symptoms, but as the disease progresses, their symptoms may become too severe for safe driving.

Driving with developmental disabilities

Driving With Developmental Disabilities

It is becoming more common for people who have developmental disabilities to drive. Autism and ADHD are common disabilities that people have while still being able to drive safely. However, someone with a developmental disability should not drive if the symptoms of their disability can cause them to be at a higher risk for a vehicle crash.

Teens with developmental disabilities can learn how to drive, but parents should ensure they’re ready first. The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia recommends a few questions for parents to ask before deciding if their teen is ready:

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Do you believe your teen is consistently showing good judgment and maturity in social settings?

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How receptive is your teen to constructive criticism and instruction?

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How well does your teen show knowledge of the rules of the road and other skills taught in driver education classes?

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Does your teen agree to practice driving with a skilled adult before driving independently?

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Are there any medical or behavioral conditions that you believe may prevent your teen from being able to drive safely?

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Does your teen need any medical interventions to ensure safe driving behaviors?

Autism

People with autism are still able to drive safely. In fact, a study from the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia’s Center for Autism and Research and the Center for Injury Research and Prevention found that young drivers with autism were 45 percent less likely to be issued citations for a moving violation than the average for people of their age.

Nonetheless, people with autism may experience some challenges while driving, including:

  • Becoming easily distracted by things happening around them
  • Having difficulty with hand-eye-foot coordination

Some driving instructors specialize in teaching people with autism how to drive and overcome some of their challenges. They suggest some simple tasks during driver training:

  • Practicing the same skill many times
  • Using driving simulation experiences such as video games to become familiar with vehicle controls and driving functions
  • Identifying the specific areas the individual needs to work on to help them overcome their driving challenges

ADHD

People with ADHD are capable of driving. However, they can be easily distracted, act on impulse, and struggle to regulate their emotions. These characteristics have led teen drivers with ADHD to be more likely to engage in risky behavior while driving, such as not wearing a seatbelt, speeding, and driving while intoxicated. A Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia study found that teen drivers with ADHD were more likely to be issued traffic and moving violations or be involved in vehicle crashes.

Managing symptoms of ADHD is crucial for a person with ADHD to drive safely. People learning to drive while taking ADHD medication need to regularly check in with their doctor to make sure their medication is working properly.

If you believe you or your teen are ready to begin learning how to drive, consult with a driving instructor who is familiar with teaching individuals with ADHD how to drive.

Driving with physical disabilities

Driving With Physical Disabilities

People who are missing a limb or body part or have some form of paralysis are often able to find ways to drive safely. Additionally, those who have experienced a stroke, spinal cord injury, or brain injury are often able to drive with accommodations. With the advancement of technology and new tools, modifications to vehicles are available for easier navigation and better accessibility so that people with various kinds of disabilities can safely operate a vehicle.

Adaptive Equipment and Modifications for Individuals Driving With Disabilities

Some of the most common devices and hand control modifications that can make vehicles easier for people with physical disabilities include:

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Lift pedals: lifts that extend vehicle pedals to be closer to the driver’s body, making them easier to reach for drivers who have lost their foot or the lower part of their leg

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Wheelchair lift: a mechanical device that raises a wheelchair from the ground and into the vehicle

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Wheelchair securement: a tool that clips a wheelchair into the vehicle to keep it from moving around while driving

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Foot wheels: a rotating wheel placed near the pedals that can be used by a person’s foot to steer the car, often used by someone who has lost the use of their upper body

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Joysticks: allow people with limited hand or arm mobility to operate steering, brakes, and acceleration more easily

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Left foot accelerator: an accelerator pedal placed on the left side of the brake for a driver that has lost the function of their right leg or foot

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Turn signal adapter: allows the driver to control the turn signal from the top, bottom, or the opposite side of the steering wheel, for those who have limitations of hand or arm mobility

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Control extensions: small wheels placed on control buttons, such as windshield wipers or headlights, so that the driver can access these controls without having to bend their finger

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Steering ball: an extension of the steering wheel that makes it easier for the driver to steer while using just one arm

You will need to ensure that you’re trained to properly use your new adaptive equipment. A driver rehabilitation specialist can help you to learn to drive safely, whether you’re learning to drive for the first time with this equipment or are re-learning how to drive after losing some physical abilities.

Paying and Obtaining Funding for Adaptive Driving Equipment and Modifications

The cost of installing modifications or buying a new vehicle with adjustments to help people with disabilities drive varies based on the individual needs and type of equipment needed. Smaller adjustments, like a seat cushion, can be as low as $50, while more complex hand controls may be as much as $1,000. If you’re buying a new vehicle with adaptive equipment already installed, the total cost for both the new car and needed equipment may range between $20,000 to $80,000.

There are several opportunities for people looking to buy adaptive driving equipment to receive financial help:

  • Nonprofits: Nonprofits that focus on disability advocacy may have programs to provide funding. To learn more, try contacting disability-specific organizations to see if they offer funding support or know other organizations that do. You can also check with your state’s vocational rehabilitation agency to get support finding assistance.
  • Insurance companies: Some insurance companies will cover part of the costs associated with adaptive driving equipment. Insurance companies are more likely to cover some costs for adaptive equipment if the need for the equipment is because of a crash or a job-related accident. Reach out to your car insurance provider to find out more.
  • Major vehicle manufacturers: Many offer rebates of up to $1,000 for adaptive tools. Your automobile dealer can provide you with more information and an application to apply for the rebate.
  • State and federal agencies: Governmental grants may be available to support funding for needed equipment. Reach out to your state’s vocational rehabilitation agency, department of developmental disabilities, or department of mental health. If you are a veteran, you can also try contacting the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs.

Consult with a driver rehabilitation specialist before buying any adaptive equipment or a vehicle with modifications so that you can be sure you are getting the right equipment for your specific needs.

Driver Licensing Requirements for Individuals With Disabilities

The rules for getting a driver’s license for someone with disabilities will vary by state. Anyone applying for a driver’s license will need to pass a written and driving exam. Some states will have specific driver’s education courses and exams for people with disabilities. State DMVs, including Minnesota’s, may allow individuals with disabilities to ask for more time to take the driving test if it’s needed.

Contact your local Department of Motor Vehicles for your state’s specific laws on obtaining a driver’s license.

How to Get a Handicapped Parking Permit

Contact your local DMV to obtain a handicapped parking permit. Costs, timelines, and regulations will vary depending on your state. You will generally need a signed letter from your doctor (or another healthcare provider). Some DMVs will only issue handicapped parking permits for a particular period of time, while others offer permanent handicapped parking permits.

Steps To Getting On the Road With a Disability

If you or your teen have a disability but want to learn how to drive, here are a few steps to follow:

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Speak with your doctor so they can evaluate if you or your teen can safely drive. The doctor may test vision, muscle strength, range of motion, hand-eye coordination, and decision-making abilities.

2

If you’re able to drive, find a driving instructor who has experience working with people who have disabilities.

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You will then have to complete a written driver’s test as well as a physical driving test to get certified. Make sure you’re aware of any additional requirements or paperwork you’ll need depending on how your state regulates driving with you or your teen’s disability.

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Pick the right vehicle. Look at different options to find the one best for you or your teen. Be mindful of the basic features that make all driving easier, such as power steering, windows, and locks.

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Consider if you will need any adaptive equipment and vehicle modifications to make driving more accessible. Talk with your car dealer about modifications they can make or what you may need to have customized. If you require the use of a wheelchair, larger vehicles, such as a van or SUV are best.

Other Resources

These resources may help you get your driver’s license and fund any adaptive modifications to your vehicle that you might need:

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ADA Accessibility Update – U.S. Access Board Timelines

accessibility guidelines

ADA Accessibility Update – U.S. Access Board Timelines

It pays to underestimate the completion of a government regulatory process and once again that is true. Both upcoming timelines for official guidance from the U.S. Access Board have been pushed back to January and June.  We want to thank Steve Taylor with TaylorPOS for pointing it out to us. Thanks Steve!

Title: Accessibility Guidelines for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations   (January)

https://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule?pubId=202310&RIN=3014-AA48

Title: Accessibility Guidelines for Self-Service Transaction Machines  (June)

https://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule?pubId=202310&RIN=3014-AA44

ATBCB RIN: 3014-AA48 Publication ID: Fall 2023
Title: Accessibility Guidelines for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations
Abstract:Electric vehicle (EV) charging stations are becoming commonplace with the rising production and use of electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles.  According to the U.S. Department of Energy, there are nearly 50,000 public EV charging stations with almost 127,000 charging ports across the country.  The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, signed into law in November 2021, allocates $7.5 billion to construct a national network of 500,000 EV charging stations to accelerate the adoption of EVs.  It is expected that the installation and use of EV charging stations will continue to expand; however, at present, there are no federal regulations specifying accessibility requirements for EV charging stations to ensure that they are accessible to and useable by persons with disabilities. The Access Board thus intends to publish a notice of proposed rulemaking to supplement its Accessibility Guidelines under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and Architectural Barriers Act (ABA) with scoping and technical requirements for electric vehicle charging stations.
Agency: Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board(ATBCB) Priority: Other Significant
RIN Status: Previously published in the Unified Agenda Agenda Stage of Rulemaking: Proposed Rule Stage
Major: Undetermined Unfunded Mandates: No
CFR Citation: 36 CFR 1191
Legal Authority: 42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.    42 U.S.C. 4151 et seq.
Legal Deadline:  None
Timetable: 

ACTION DATE FR CITE
NPRM 01/00/2024
Regulatory Flexibility Analysis Required: Undetermined Government Levels Affected: Undetermined
Federalism: No
Included in the Regulatory Plan: No
RIN Data Printed in the FR: No

Self-Service NPRM

TBCB RIN: 3014-AA44 Publication ID: Fall 2023
Title: Accessibility Guidelines for Self-Service Transaction Machines
Abstract:This rulemaking would amend the Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board’s existing accessibility guidelines for buildings and facilities under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the Architectural Barriers Act (ABA), located at 36 CFR part 1191, to include guidelines for the accessibility of fixed self-service transaction machines, self-service kiosks, information transaction machines, and point-of-sale devices.  The U.S. Department of Transportation and U.S. Department of Justice are expected, via separate rulemakings, to adopt these amended guidelines as enforceable standards for devices and equipment covered by the ADA.
Agency: Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board(ATBCB) Priority: Other Significant
RIN Status: Previously published in the Unified Agenda Agenda Stage of Rulemaking: Proposed Rule Stage
Major: No Unfunded Mandates: No
CFR Citation: 36 CFR 1191
Legal Authority: 42 U.S.C. 12204    29 U.S.C. 792
Legal Deadline:  None
Timetable: 

ACTION DATE FR CITE
ANPRM 09/21/2022 87 FR 57662
ANPRM Comment Period End 11/21/2022
NPRM 06/00/2024
Regulatory Flexibility Analysis Required: Undetermined Government Levels Affected: Undetermined
Federalism: No
Included in the Regulatory Plan: No
RIN Data Printed in the FR: No
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Braille Kiosks – Dot Inc.. Joins Accessibility Committee

braille kiosk dot

Dot Inc. Joins Kiosk Manufacturer Association(KMA)’s Accessibility Committee, Pioneering Inclusive Tech Solutions

장애인을 위한 보조기기(점자스마트워치, 촉각 디스플레이)를 처음으로 선보였고, 국내 최초로 배리어프리 …

Dec, 13, 2023

The Kiosk Manufacturer Association (KMA) is pleased to announce the addition of a new participant, Dot Inc., to its Accessibility Committee. Dot Inc., a renowned industry leader in relevant industry, has joined forces with KMA to support the advancement of accessible and inclusive technology solutions for all.

The KMA Accessibility Committee plays a critical role in guiding the KMA’s efforts to promote compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and ensure that kiosk technologies are accessible to individuals with disabilities. By providing expertise, resources, and strategic guidance, the Committee aims to foster an environment where innovation and accessibility go hand in hand.

With the addition of Dot Inc. to its Accessibility Committee, the Kiosk Manufacturer Association gains a valuable partner with extensive experience and a deep commitment to accessibility. As a leading provider of relevant products and services, Dot Inc. brings a wealth of knowledge and expertise to the table, further strengthening the board’s ability to drive positive change in the industry.

“We are thrilled to welcome Dot Inc. to the Accessibility Committee,” said Craig Keefner, Executive Director of KMA Kiosk Association. “Their dedication to accessibility aligns perfectly with our mission, and their contributions will be instrumental in shaping the future of inclusive kiosk technologies.”

Dot Inc. is known for its innovative solutions like Dot Pad, the first tactile graphic device for the visually impaired. It shows maps, images, and graphics in braille and tactile formats. Their Accessible kiosks combine tactile displays with other tech, making info easily accessible in stores and public places. At CES 2023, Dot Inc. received three awards, including one for Best Innovation in Accessibility.

Through its partnership with the Kiosk Manufacturer Association, Dot Inc. will have the opportunity to contribute to the development of industry-wide guidelines, standards, and educational resources that promote accessibility and compliance with ADA regulations. Together, the KMA Accessibility Committee and Dot Inc. will work towards creating a more inclusive future where kiosk technologies are accessible to everyone.

About the Kiosk Manufacturer Association: The Kiosk Manufacturer Association is a not-for-profit organization dedicated to promoting the common interests of the kiosk industry. With a focus on education, advocacy, and networking, the association strives to foster innovation and collaboration among stakeholders to advance the industry as a whole.

[Photo 1] An accessible kiosk featuring a tactile display, a voice-assisted keyboard that automatically adjusts upon sensor detection.

dot braille kiosk

[Photo 2] Showcasing the traditional vessel as an artistic treasure through a tactile display.

braille kiosk

[Photo 3] Showcasing the traditional style of Korean housing through tactile display.

braille kiosk

For media inquiries or more information, please contact:
Contact Name: Ahrum Choi
Contact Title: Director
Contact Email: [email protected]

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ADA and Accessibility News

kiosk association kma logo

ADA and Accessibility News

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Quest Kiosk Loses Decision to ACB on Kiosks

Accessibility Kiosks Legal News

From KI — October 26th, 10am – The courts find for ACB in suit against Quest.  The case involved injunctive relief. So, that means an order telling quest to fix it and attorney fees for the plaintiff. We are checking with ACB to make sure we are identifying the correct unit (aka unit violating ADA). As for an appeal, it would go to the Ninth Circuit, which tends to be more on the side of persons with disabilities than not. We imagine there could be post verdict motions. As far as cost goes, plaintiffs would be entitled to their attorney fees and the defendant would have to pay their own attorney fees as well. A relevant blog entry is here. Just What Is a Sales Establishment Anyway per Title III of the ADA?

Thanks to Bill for alerting us. He is a great and recommended resource.  William D. Goren, Esq., J.D., LL.M., Attorney and Consultant, Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), https://www.understandingtheada.com/

ALEXANDRIA, Va., Oct. 25, 2023 /PRNewswire/ — Following a week-long bench trial in Los Angeles, a federal court in California found Quest Diagnostics in violation of the Americans with Disabilities Act and permanently enjoined Quest from continuing to violate the ADA.

Beginning in 2016, Quest Diagnostics began to install self-service kiosks at its Patient Service Centers, which allow patients to, among other things, check in for phlebotomy appointments in a private and independent manner. Following complaints from ACB’s members that these kiosks as designed prevent people who are blind from accessing their services, ACB joined a civil rights complaint in federal court alleging that Quest’s kiosks deprived members of the blind community full and equal enjoyment of Quest’s services and failed to provide effective communication.

quest kiosk

quest kiosk

The Court ruled in favor of ACB and a nationwide class of blind and low-vision Quest patients. The court found that Quest violated Title III of the ADA in that Quest failed to provide people who are blind with full and equal enjoyment of Quest’s services and facilities because of their disability.

“Self-service kiosks are being used more and more in many aspects of daily public life,” said Dan Spoone, Executive Director for the American Council of the Blind. “The Court’s decision that Quest violated the ADA and that the check-in services of these kiosks must be accessible to people who are blind is a significant step towards ensuring that the rights to full and equal enjoyment and effective communication are protected.”

Deb Cook Lewis, ACB’s president, added, “Although the ADA is more than 30 years old, people who are blind are still forced to fight for full and equal access to healthcare. This judgment sends a clear message that full and equal enjoyment is required by law, and health care providers must ensure access for people with disabilities.”

This litigation has been led by ACB’s counsel at Nye Sterling Hale Miller and Sweet and at Handley Farah & Anderson.

Matthew Handley, one of ACB’s attorneys in the litigation, added, “Touchscreen kiosks are an ever-increasing aspect of our daily lives – this decision ensures that accessibility of those kiosks will need to be front and center in the minds of every company wishing to make use of self-service technology.”

About the American Council of the Blind

The American Council of the Blind is a national member-driven consumer organization representing Americans who are blind and visually impaired. During the organization’s 60-year history, ACB has become a leader in national, state, local, and even international advocacy efforts. With 66 affiliates, ACB strives to increase independence, security, equality of opportunity, and to improve the quality of life for all people who are blind and visually impaired. For more information, visit ACB’s website.

About Handley Farah & Anderson

Handley Farah & Anderson are lawyers who seek to improve the world. Based in Washington, D.C., they fight for: workers deprived of wages, consumers deceived about products, tenants denied access to housing, parents deprived of adequate parental leave, persons with disabilities denied access, and women and communities of color subject to discrimination.

SOURCE American Council of the Blind

More Background

ID Card Scanning

Always a pain here is a video on how Acuant used in Quest kiosk

Quest Diagnostics Streamlines Patient Check-in with Aila’s Interactive Kiosk

Quest Diagnostics selected Aila’s Interactive Kiosk as a rugged, adaptable self-service platform to create its next-generation patient check-in experience. Aila’s expertise in patient check-in for enterprise healthcare providers gave Quest the confidence that Aila could provide the technology and support to deploy a major new experience in its patient service centers. “Aila was a known solution that would work for us,” said Congersky, “this helped us avoid a lengthy product exploration process.”

The Interactive Kiosk was able to save phlebotomists’ time by automating a range of customer experiences that previously required face-to-face interaction:

  • ID and insurance card scanning
  • Smartphone scanning for pre-registered patients
  • Digital check-in and wait list queuing

The Interactive Kiosk also provided a platform that was adaptable for Quest’s evolving check-in experience. This includes, a way for patients to check in for someone else, such as a child or parent, schedule service times on-site, and give patients the option to wait in their vehicle after checking in where they’ll receive a text message when it’s their turn.

In combination with Aila’s Interactive Kiosk and floor stand, Quest further improved the check-in experience by developing a welcome center that also included wall-mounted Interactive Kiosks. This helps guide patients to the self-service center and provides a welcoming environment to check in. Having a range of mounting options to choose from further illustrates Aila’s ability to enable ideal solutions across thousands of locations with differing layouts.

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ADA Assistive Braille Testimonial by Texas Instruments

ADA Assistive Braille Testimonial

From Texas Instruments

In recognition of #WorldSightDay, we want to highlight Dot pad, the world’s first tactile graphics display for individuals with visual impairments. This remarkable innovation, powered by our cutting-edge motor control semiconductors, will evolutionize accessibility on a global scale. We invite you to join us in this journey towards greater inclusivity. @dotinc

 

Summary of Dot Inc. Braille Technology

Dot Inc. is a company that specializes in developing and manufacturing innovative braille technology products for individuals with visual impairments. Their mission is to enhance accessibility and empower visually impaired individuals to lead independent and fulfilling lives. Dot Inc. has introduced several groundbreaking products that have revolutionized the way braille is used in everyday life.

One of their notable inventions is the Dot Pad, which is the world’s first tactile braille display. The Dot Pad allows visually impaired individuals to read digital content in braille, making it easier for them to access information on smartphones, tablets, and computers. This device utilizes a grid of small pins that rise and fall to form braille characters, enabling users to read text, navigate menus, and even interact with images and graphics.

Another innovative product from Dot Inc. is the Dot Watch, which is the world’s first fully braille smartwatch. This wearable device features a braille display made up of 24 pins, allowing users to receive notifications, read messages, and even tell the time using braille. The Dot Watch combines style and functionality, providing visually impaired individuals with a fashionable accessory that enhances their daily lives.

Dot Inc. is committed to improving accessibility not only in personal devices but also in public spaces. They have developed barrier-free design solutions that incorporate braille into various environments, such as public transportation, buildings, and signage. These initiatives aim to create inclusive spaces where visually impaired individuals can navigate and interact with their surroundings independently.

The advancements made by Dot Inc. in braille technology have significantly improved the quality of life for visually impaired individuals. By providing innovative products like the Dot Pad and Dot Watch, they have empowered users to access information, communicate, and engage with the world around them more effectively. These technologies have opened up new opportunities for education, employment, and social interaction, enabling visually impaired individuals to overcome barriers and achieve their full potential.

In conclusion, Dot Inc. is a pioneering company in the field of braille technology. Their innovative products, such as the Dot Pad and Dot Watch, have revolutionized the way visually impaired individuals access information and interact with digital devices. Through their commitment to accessibility and inclusivity, Dot Inc. has made significant contributions to improving the lives of people with visual impairments.

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Braille & Tactile Display – CES 2023 Innovation Award and Honoree

Braille & Tactile Display

Kiosk Industry is happy to note that one of our sponsors recently won two awards at the CES 2023 show.  The Dot Pad is the world’s first tactile display for braille and assistive technology

Link to award — https://www.ces.tech/innovation-awards/honorees/2023/best-of/d/dot-pad.aspx

Best of Innovation

Accessibility

Honoree

Tactile Braille

Click for full size. Tactile Braille

Mobile Devices & Accessories, Virtual & Augmented Reality

Dot Pad is the World’s first tactile graphic device for the visually impaired and the blind. It has a total of 320 8-pin cells where 300 cells (2400-pins) are for the tactile display and 20 cells are for the braille-text display. It displays images, graphics, and charts in tactile form. It has an easy connection with devices via Bluetooth. Dot Pad is portable as it is very light and slim with a long-lasting battery life that lasts up to 11 hours once fully charged. Dot Pad encourages individuals to be independent in enhancing education, entertainment, daily life, and others.

More Resources by Dot

 

In Related News from Europe and EN301-549

 

Interesting Trends

Google Trends for braille, tactile and assistive

click for full size — Google Trends for braille, tactile and assistive

More Links

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HHS Proposed Rule for Section 504

Section 504 HHS

HHS Section 504 Proposed Rule

There is a new entry on Federal Register for addressing disability. You may submit electronic comments at https://www.regulations.gov by searching for the Docket ID number HHS–OCR–2023–0013. Follow the instructions at https://www.regulations.gov online for submitting comments through this method.  For more info contact Molly Burgdorf, Office for Civil Rights, Department of Health and Human Services at (202) 545–4884 or (800) 537–7697 (TDD), or via email at .

Thanks to William Goren, attorney — https://www.understandingtheada.com/

Our Comments

Ultimately the HHS is going to adopt the U.S. Access Board guidelines to be issued this December. If HHS funding is involved in any way then this new proposed rule will apply and all of this is directed towards Health.

  • Telehealth would seem to be “under the gun” here. There are many devices that may twist and/or be physically manipulated
  • Chromebooks for Education.  Lots of website content there.
  • They are adopting WCAG 2.1 which is standard

In Brief

  • The Department proposes to amend its existing regulation implementing section 504 for federally assisted programs and activities to address the obligations of recipients of Federal financial assistance to comply with section 504 across a variety of contexts. The proposed rule clarifies the application of section 504 to several areas not explicitly addressed through the existing regulation, including medical treatment decisions; the use of value assessments; web, mobile, and kiosk accessibility; and accessible medical equipment. The proposed rule also expands on and clarifies the requirements in the current regulation applicable to federally funded child welfare programs and activities.
  • The Department is aware that some recipients, including doctors’ offices, hospitals, and social service offices, use kiosks or similar self-service transaction machines for members of the public to perform a number of tasks including checking in for appointments, providing information for the receipt of services, procuring services, measuring vitals, and performing other services without interacting directly with recipient staff.
  • The use of inaccessible kiosks that result in delays checking in, privacy concerns, and even the complete inability of people with disabilities to check in for their appointments results in avoidable lack of access to health and human services.
  • The Department has received information from individuals with physical disabilities who have experienced difficulty reaching the controls on kiosks, or operating controls that require tight grasping, pinching, or twisting. Individuals with hearing loss may not be able to operate a kiosk effectively if audio commands or information are not provided in an alternative format. The Department is aware of the barriers created by inaccessible kiosks, particularly in health care, so the proposed rule includes a provision specifically addressing recipients’ existing obligations with respect to kiosks.
  • The Department is not proposing specific technical requirements for kiosks, but proposes to include general language recognizing that section 504 prohibits recipients from discriminating on the basis of disability in their programs or activities provided through kiosks because of the inaccessibility of those devices.
  • Here is “bailout” provision — Recipients that use kiosks may make their programs accessible by instituting procedures that would allow persons with disabilities who cannot use kiosks because of their inaccessible features to access the program without using kiosks.[254] For example, a clinic or a social services office may allow persons with disabilities to go directly to the personnel at the main desk to register for necessary services. Such work-around procedures must afford persons with disabilities the same access, the same convenience, and the same confidentiality that the kiosk system provides.
  • In instances where kiosks are closed functionality devices that do not rely on web content or mobile apps, the proposed technical standards in § 84.84 will not apply. Under these circumstances, recipients are still obligated to ensure that individuals with disabilities are not excluded from participation in, denied the benefits of, or otherwise subjected to discrimination in any program or activity of the recipient, including the information exchange that would occur at the kiosk.
  • The Department is aware that the U.S. Access Board is working on a rulemaking to amend the ADA Accessibility Guidelines to address the accessibility of fixed self-service transaction machines, self-service kiosks, information transaction machines, and point-of-sale devices. The Access Board issued an advance notice of proposed rulemaking on these issues in September 2022 and heard from more than 70 commenters.[255] The Board is now in the process of developing a notice of proposed rulemaking, which may be issued by December 2023.[256] Once these guidelines are final, to be enforceable, DOJ and the U.S. Department of Transportation would have to adopt them, via separate rulemakings, before they would become enforceable standards for devices and equipment covered by the ADA. Similarly, HHS will consider adopting these guidelines under section 504 once they are finalized.
  • Definition of kiosks proposed — The Department proposes to add a definition of “kiosks.” Kiosks are self-service transaction machines made available by recipients at set physical locations for the independent use of patients or program participants in health or human service programs or activities. The devices usually consist of a screen and an input device, either a keyboard, touch screen or similar device, onto which the program participant independently types in or otherwise enters requested information. In health and human service programs, recipients often make kiosks available so that patients or program participants can check in, provide information for the receipt of services, procure services, have their vital signs taken, or perform other similar actions. These devices may rely on web content or mobile apps or may be closed functionality devices, i.e., devices that do not rely on web content or mobile apps.  Definitions (kiosks) Question 2: The Department requests comment on whether a definition of “kiosks” is necessary, and if so, requests comment on the Department’s proposed definition in § 84.10 and any suggested revisions to it.

Excerpt

Section 504 prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in programs and activities [1] that receive Federal financial assistance as well as in programs and activities conducted by any Federal agency.[2] Section 504 provides:

No otherwise qualified individual with a disability in the United States, as defined in Section 705(20) of this title, shall, solely by reason of her or his disability, be excluded from the participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance or under any program or activity conducted by any Executive agency or by the United States Post Office.[3]

The Office for Civil Rights (OCR) in HHS enforces section 504 as well as two other statutes that prohibit discrimination on the basis of disability. Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in, among other areas, all health care and social services programs and activities of State and local government entities.[4] OCR also enforces section 1557 (section 1557) of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA),[5] which prohibits discrimination on various bases including disability in any health program or activity, any part of which receives Federal financial assistance, including credits, subsidies, or contract of insurance or under any program or activity that is administered by an Executive Agency or any entity established under Title I of the ACA.[6]

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Guidance by WCAG2ICT on Closed Systems

W3C

WCAG and Closed Systems Guidance

WCAG has always been about the open web.  For closed systems some of WCAG (3 instances) are included in the U.S. Access Board recommendations for closed systems.  In 2013 the W3C issued this same document (but using WCAG 2.0). This is the updated versions for WCAG 2.2.  This document is “guidance” (566 pages) on how WCAG 2.2 can apply to Ebooks, Operating systems, and Travel kiosks (example given). There is no mention of ATMs or hybrid POS SCO systems or POS terminals which would seem to be the majority of closed systems.

We do note there is a specific recommendation for kiosks regarding the timeout period (see below).

It should be noted that the DOJ has issued NPRM regarding Web and Mobile accessibility. In their NPRM they use WCAG 2.1 Level AA which is current release.  It will be different though and not reference WCAG 2.2 .

The committee is still finalizing Appendix A and is accepting comments from any interested parties. We are commenting and if you would like yours included email to [email protected]

Background

Guidance on Applying WCAG 2.0 to Non-Web Information and Communications Technologies (WCAG2ICT), approved in September 2013, described how WCAG 2.0 could be applied to non-web documents and software.

Abstract:

This document, “Guidance on Applying WCAG 2.2 to Non-Web Information and Communications Technologies (WCAG2ICT)” describes how the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2 [WCAG22] and its principles, guidelines, and success criteria can be applied to non-web Information and Communications Technologies (ICT), specifically to non-web documents and software. It provides informative guidance (guidance that is not normative and does not set requirements).

This document is part of a series of technical and educational documents published by the W3C Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) and available from the WCAG2ICT Overview.

Editors: (IBM) (Oracle Corporation) (NCR)

Excluded from Scope

The following are out of scope for this document:

  • This document does not seek to determine which WCAG 2.2 provisions (principles, guidelines, or success criteria) should or should not apply to non-web documents and software, but rather how they would apply, if applied.
  • This document does not propose changes to WCAG 2.2 or its supporting documents; it does not include interpretations for implementing WCAG 2.2 in web technologies. During the development of this document, the WCAG2ICT Task Force did seek clarification on the intent of a number of the success criteria, which led to clarifications in the Understanding WCAG 2.2 document.
  • This document is not sufficient by itself to ensure accessibility in non-web documents and software. As a web standard, WCAG does not fully cover all accessibility requirements for non-user interface aspects of platforms, user-interface components as individual items, nor closed product software (where there is no Assistive Technology to communicate programmatic information).
  • This document does not comment on hardware aspects of products, because the basic constructs on which WCAG 2.2 is built do not apply to these.
  • This document does not provide supporting techniques for implementing WCAG 2.2 in non-web documents and software.
  • This document is purely an informative Note about non-web ICT, not a standard, so it does not describe how non-web ICT should conform to it.

Examples of products with closed functionality include:

  • an ebook or ebook reader program that allows assistive technologies to access all of the user interface controls of the ebook program (open functionality) but does not allow the assistive technologies to access the actual content of book (closed functionality).
  • an operating system that requires the user to provide login credentials before it allows any assistive technologies to be loaded. The log-in portion would be closed functionality.
  • a travel kiosk that provides an audio interface for blind and vision-impaired users as a built-in alternative to the visual interface and tactile keys as an alternative to touch screen operation for both blind users and those who can’t operate a touch screen.

See Appendix A: Success Criteria Problematic for Closed Functionality for a list of success criteria for which this is relevant.

Timeout Criteria

20 seconds was also based on clinical experience and other guidelines. 20 seconds to hit ‘any switch’ is sufficient for almost all users including those with spasticity. Some would fail, but some would fail all lengths of time. A reasonable period for
requesting more time is required since an arbitrarily long time can provide security risks to all users, including those with disabilities, for some applications. For example, with kiosks or terminals that are used for financial transactions, it is
quite common for people to walk away without signing off. This leaves them vulnerable to those walking up behind them. Providing a long period of inactivity before asking, and then providing a long period for the person to indicate that they are present can leave terminals open for abuse. If there is no activity the system should ask if the user is there. It should then ask for an indication that a person is there (‘hit any key’) and then wait long enough for almost anyone to respond. For “hit any key,” 20 seconds would meet this. If the person indicates that they are still present, the device should return the user to the exact condition that existed before it asked the question.

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DOJ NPRM On Web and Mobile Accessibility

website accessibility DOJ

Web Accessibility – Mobile Accessibility

Editor Note:  Self-service kiosks and digital signage/interactive displays such as wayfinding for example and smart city are both considered “closed systems”. Websites are considered open systems.  Mobile applications are new and the proposed regulations there are likely to have the most impact

The Department of Justice (Department) is publishing a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) explaining how we propose updating the regulations for Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) to add more specific requirements about web and mobile application (app) accessibility.

This NPRM proposes a specific technical standard that state and local governments would have to follow to meet their existing obligations under Title II of the ADA for web and mobile app accessibility. The NPRM asks the public for comments about this proposal.

Summary In Brief

  • What is Title II?  — Under Title II of the ADA, state and local governments’ services, programs, and activities must be accessible to people with disabilities. In Title II, state and local governments are also called public entities. Title II applies to all programs, services, or activities of state and local governments, from adoption services to zoning regulation. This includes the services, programs, and activities that state and local governments offer online and through mobile apps.WCAG 2.1 Level AA is the adopted standard
  • An NPRM is a stage in the rulemaking process that happens before an agency adopts a final regulation. It is like a first draft of a regulation. It lets the public know what the agency is considering and provides an opportunity for feedback.
  • An NPRM is not a final regulation. So, this proposal is not an enforceable rule right now. This NPRM has been published so that the public can provide us with feedback on our proposal for the rule before we adopt a final rule.
  • Two to Three years to meet standard depending on size (greater than 50,000 has two years)
  • How and When to Respond — We Want Your Feedback
    The fact sheet gives a high-level summary of the NPRM. For more details about our proposal, you should read the NPRM. The NPRM is also published in the Federal Register. We have also published an analysis of the costs and benefits of the proposed rule. This is called a Preliminary Regulatory Impact Analysis (PRIA). You can read the PRIA on ADA.gov. After you’ve reviewed the NPRM, we’d like to hear your feedback. Have we made the right proposals about when and how web content and mobile apps should be made accessible? Do the proposed exceptions and the proposed limits on when those exceptions apply make sense? Should we change anything about the proposed rule? Why? You can submit comments before October 3, 2023 by going to Regulations.gov. You can also mail us your comments at Disability Rights Section, Civil Rights Division, U.S. Department of Justice, P.O. Box 440528, Somerville, MA 02144.
    If you need information in an alternative format, you can call the ADA Information Line at (800) 514-0301 (voice) or 1-833-610-1264 (TTY).
  • Here is a 2023 NPRM web-accessibility-NPRM-compressed

Excerpts

For example, a study from the University of Washington analyzed approximately 10,000 mobile apps and found that many are highly  inaccessible to people with disabilities. 46 The study found that 23 percent of the mobile apps reviewed did not provide content description of images for most of their image-based buttons. As a result, the functionality of those buttons is not accessible for people who use screen readers. 47

Mobile Applications
The Department is proposing to adopt the same technical standard for mobile app accessibility as it is for web content—WCAG 2.1 Level AA. As discussed earlier, WCAG 2.1 was published in June 2018 and was developed, in part, to address mobile accessibility. 105
The Department considered applying WCAG 2.0 Level AA to mobile apps, which is a similar approach to the requirements in the final rule promulgated by the United States Access Board in its update to the section 508 standards. 106 WCAG 2.1 was not finalized when the
Access Board adopted the section 508 standards. When WCAG 2.0 was originally drafted in 2008, mobile apps were not as widely used or developed. Further, the technology has grown considerably since that time. Accordingly, WCAG 2.1 provides 12 additional Level A and AA
success criteria not included in WCAG 2.0 to ensure, among other things, that mobile apps are more accessible to individuals with disabilities using mobile devices. 107 For example, WCAG 2.1 includes Success Criterion 1.4.12, which ensures that text spacing like letter spacing, line spacing, and word spacing meets certain  requirements to ensure accessibility; Success Criterion 2.5.4, which enables the user to disable motion actuation (e.g., the ability to activate a device’s function by shaking it) to prevent such things as accidental deletion of text; and Success Criterion 1.3.5, which allows a user to input information such as a name or address W3C®, What’s New in WCAG 2.1 (Aug. 13, 2020), https://www.w3.org/WAI/standards-guidelines/wcag/new-in-21/ [https://perma.cc/W8HK-Z5QK].
106
See 82 FR 5790, 5815 (Jan. 18, 2017).
107
W3C®, What’s New in WCAG 2.1 (Aug. 13, 2020), https://www.w3.org/WAI/standards-guidelines/wcag/new-in-21/ [https://perma.cc/W8HK-Z5QK].
105automatically. 108
The Access Board’s section 508 standards include additional requirements applicable to mobile apps that are not in WCAG 2.1, and the Department is requesting feedback on whether to adopt those requirements as well. For example, the section 508 standards apply the following requirements not found in WCAG 2.1 to mobile apps: interoperability requirements to ensure that a mobile app does not disrupt a device’s assistive technology for persons with disabilities (e.g., screen readers for persons who are blind or have low vision); requirements for mobile apps to follow preferences on a user’s phone such as settings for color, contrast, and font size; and requirements for caption controls and audio description controls that enable users to adjust caption and audio description functions. 109 Adopting WCAG 2.1 Level AA for mobile apps will help ensure this rule’s accessibility standards for mobile apps are consistent with this rule’s accessibility standards for web content. We seek comments on this approach below. Please provide as much detail as possible and any applicable data, suggested alternative approaches or requirements, arguments, explanations, and examples in your responses to the following questions.

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Related Accessibility Standards

As a refresher her are the main illustrations from U.S. Access Board on common physical characteristics of self-service kiosks. Bear in these only show the physical and not all of them either.

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