Dear Maryland Business Partners,
The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) recently issued an Interim Final Rule (IFR) amending the DOT’s Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (DBE) regulations to remove race- and sex-based presumptions from the definition of “socially and economically disadvantaged individual”, and an IFR Guidance Document.
Our most common advice (rarely followed) is test with multiple persona and real people. Be sure to check accessibility. Create a consensus impression opinion. Much safer than using diversity politically these day (or even disabled). There are tools from Cambridge that can help you do that. Sitekiosk is a great tool. Many use Intuiface for that matter. The more powerful, the more complex equates most often to the longer and steeper the learning curve. Testing with your developers is virtual suicide. They told you it would take 2 months, and it’s already been 6 months.
For more useful information contact Heinz with Sitekiosk US for details. Read source article on Sitekiosk
Designing a secure and seamless kiosk user experience (UX) requires clarity, simplicity, and robust security, with special emphasis on reducing user errors and friction at every step. Organizations benefit from prioritizing accessible, intuitive, and touch-friendly interfaces that create smooth, trustworthy self-service experiences for all users.
A well-designed kiosk boosts user satisfaction and repeat business, while poor UX causes frustration and abandonment. Simplifying each interaction point—through clear directions, uncluttered layouts, and universal icons—directly improves workflows and competitiveness.
Typical friction points include confusing navigation, micro-errors, poor accessibility, and cluttered screens. Research shows current kiosks score below desired usability benchmarks, highlighting the need for design improvements that promote clarity and confidence at every stage.
Simplicity First: Use concise prompts and ample white space; adopt high-contrast, visually guided designs.
Touch-Friendly Design: Enlarge buttons and ensure proper spacing to avoid mistakes, with touch feedback and accessibility features like screen reader support.
Linear, Predictable Workflows: Eliminate unnecessary steps; provide progress indicators and easy review/edit options before submission.
Consistent Brand Experience: Maintain visual and interaction cohesion throughout the kiosk journey to build trust and reduce drop-off rates.
Clear Messaging: Use positive, instructive language and visual cues for every state, including errors and subsequent actions.
Multilingual/Multimodal Support: Offer text localization, text-to-speech, and audio cues to accommodate users with diverse abilities and language needs.
Confirmation and Edits: Enable straightforward review and correction paths before final transaction steps to minimize costly errors.
UX must integrate robust security through session management, browser lockdown, and hardware protections while maintaining ease of use. Regular maintenance and updates are essential for continued protection.
Restaurants, healthcare, retail, and banking use interactive kiosks to increase accuracy, speed, and convenience. COVID-19 prompted more touch-free, hygienic solutions such as QR codes, voice controls, and visible cleaning routines, further shaping expectations for safe public interfaces.
Designers use drag-and-drop templates, content libraries, and analytics dashboards to rapidly prototype and optimize flows. The key to continuous improvement is real-world usability testing, gathering feedback, and iteratively refining designs for maximum usability and Net Promoter Scores (NPS).
Employ large, responsive touchpoints
Declutter screens, streamline steps
Prioritize accessibility and clarity in communication
Ensure brand consistency
Support multilingual needs
Provide clear confirmations and navigation paths
Balance security with usability
Use analytics beyond “happy path” test cases
Continuously test and refine in live environments
Successful kiosk UX blends creativity, empathy, and technical skill. By focusing on clarity, accessibility, and security, businesses deliver digital signage and kiosks that foster loyalty and provide real, lasting value in the self-service landscape.
Here are 20 recommended links that provide in-depth resources on kiosk UX, digital signage, accessibility, and security:
Designing Great Kiosk UX: Reducing Friction & User Errors – sitekiosk.us[1]
Kiosk UI Design: 6 Ways KIOSK Makes Self-Service More Intuitive – kiosk.com[2]
Where can you find information about designing kiosks (UX research) – Reddit[3]
How to Create a Best-in-Class Interactive Kiosk User Experience – redyref.com[4]
Designing an Effective User Experience for Your Kiosk – LinkedIn[5]
8 Best Practices for Digital Signage Content: A Guide for High-Impact Kiosks – kiosk.com[6]
Security and Privacy Considerations in Self-Service Kiosks – wavetec.com[7]
Assigned Access Recommendations for Kiosk Experiences – Microsoft Learn[8]
Scala Expert Guide: How to Create Impactful Digital Signage Content – scala.com[9]
4 Must-Have Security Features for Your Kiosk – kiosk.com[10]
How the User Story Shaped the New Kiosk Experience at Michigan – michigan.it.umich.edu[11]
10 Rules for Designing Digital Signage Content – ScreenCloud[12]
Digital Kiosks: Unlock Inclusive Self-Service Experiences – levelaccess.com[13]
Mastering Kiosk Design: Best Practices for Exceptional User Experience – patchretention.com[14]
Digital Signage Inspiration, Designs, and UI/UX Examples – Dribbble[15]
Industry Considerations: How to Make an Accessible Kiosk – TPGi[16]
Effective UX UI Design for Self Service Kiosks: Best Practices & Tips – flyx.cloud[17]
How to Make a Digital Signage Solution – Reddit[18]
Linux Kiosk Security Guide: Best Practices for Management and Safety – linuxsecurity.com[19]
Digital Signage Resources, Free Online Tools & Content – visix.com[20]
These resources cover practical guidance, case studies, accessible design, security, and creative inspiration for anyone working on kiosk and digital signage experiences.
https://www.reddit.com/r/UXDesign/comments/1jjb5nq/where_can_you_find_information_about_designing/
https://redyref.com/how-to-create-a-best-in-class-interactive-kiosk-user-experience/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/designing-effective-user-experience-your-kiosk-panashisolutions-0nuec
https://kiosk.com/8-best-practices-for-digital-signage-content-a-guide-for-high-impact-kiosks/
https://www.wavetec.com/blog/security-and-privacy-considerations-in-self-service-kiosks/
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/configuration/assigned-access/recommendations
https://apac.scala.com/sg/resources/blogs/scala-expert-guide-how-to-create-digital-signage-content-with-impact/
https://michigan.it.umich.edu/news/2025/04/02/bringing-ux-to-the-front-lines-how-the-user-story-shaped-the-new-kiosk-experience-at-michigan-medicine/
https://www.levelaccess.com/blog/unlocking-kiosk-accessibility-tips-for-inclusive-compliant-self-service-experiences/
https://patchretention.com/blog/mastering-kiosk-design-best-practices-for-exceptional-user-experience
https://www.tpgi.com/considerations-for-making-an-accessible-kiosk/
https://www.flyx.cloud/en/blog/effective-ux-ui-design-for-self-service-kiosks-best-practices-tips/
https://www.reddit.com/r/digitalsignage/comments/tfewy4/how_to_make_a_digital_signage_solution/
https://linuxsecurity.com/news/desktop-security/linux-kiosk-security-guide
This page on legal actions in self-service and related is a running log with personal commentary on legal, privacy and patent situations which impact unattended self-service. We keep track of legal news that affects the unattended self-service market. One of the best articles to monitor is Kiosk Accessibility: The Law is Paying Attention by Lainey Feingold. Another great source is Understanding The ADA blog by William Goren.
Legal actions can also be HIPAA violations of privacy data and also web accessibility (WCAG usually), which have financial and legal consequences. If you have news of note send us an email at info@kioskindustry.org
Notable Legal Actions and Related In Brief:
Hotels and restaurants across Europe are facing the same challenge: how to provide guests with clear, accessible information about ingredients, allergens, and nutritional values—while staying compliant with EU food labeling regulations.
The solution? NutriHotel + SiteKiosk.
🔹 NutriHotel streamlines recipe management, automatically capturing nutritive values, allergens, and additives
🔹 SiteKiosk takes that data and delivers it securely and intuitively via guest-facing touch displays
This powerful combination ensures that:
– Guests can explore menus with confidence, thanks to multilingual info and allergen icons
– Hoteliers stay fully compliant with EU Regulation 1169/2011
– Updates are instant and centralized—no manual reprints, no confusion
– The dining experience is elevated, building trust and satisfaction
In the case of NutriHotel, the integration with SiteKiosk has proven to be a game-changer: easy implementation, secure management, and a modern, guest-friendly interface.
At SiteKiosk, we’re proud to support hospitality businesses in delivering not only excellent service, but also transparency, safety, and innovation at every touchpoint.
Read the full case study here: Case Study Page
SiteKiosk’s case study on NutriHotel showcases how hotels and restaurants leverage a digital, multilingual platform to present menus and transparent allergen information to guests, using secure SiteKiosk-powered touchscreens for a safer, smarter hospitality experience.
NutriHotel brings it all together: foodservice info managed digitally, menus always current, and allergen details front and center—no paper forms, no guessing.
Touchscreen kiosks make sure every guest gets the dish info they need, in the language they want, whether German, English, or French—for trust and transparency, right at the point of sale.
Hotels and restaurants save time; staff can focus on serving, screens take care of details and updates.
SiteKiosk powers it behind the scenes: secure, easy to manage, and ready to run 24/7—so management gets peace of mind.
End result: guests feel confident, operations more efficient, and the hospitality business looks tech-savvy—just how Craig Keefner likes it, digital done right.
Click for full size
September 2025 Update: The Must Have WCAG 2.2 AA Checklist by KMA — with process illustration by LG and also McDonald’s. Pretty strong legal department for both we are guessing.
https://kma.global/the-must-have-wcag-2-2-aa-checklist-by-kma
Here is a concise, one-page WCAG 2.2 AA checklist for developers, focusing on practical implementation steps and covering both continuing AA requirements and new 2.2 additions.
It is worth noting the process that LG went through in designing accessibility from the start.https://kma.global/lgs-next-gen-kiosks-advance-a-better-life-for-all. Another recent resource is from McDonalds — McDonald’s Kiosk – Magnification and Reach Mode Accessibility — Extending Accessibility to Kiosks and Online From McDonald’s
Original Article
The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines or WCAG provides technical Mobile specifications to improve the accessibility of web content, websites and Improves support for touch web applications on desktop computers, laptops, tablets and mobile devices for people with a wide range of disabilities, including auditory, cognitive, neurological, physical, speech and visual disabilities.
Success Criteria Description
1.1.1 – Non-text Content Provide text alternatives for non-text content
1.2.1 – Audio-only and Video-only
(Pre-recorded) Provide an alternative to video-only and audio-only content
1.2.2 –Captions (Pre-recorded) Provide captions for videos with audio
1.2.3 – Audio description or Media Alternative (Pre-recorded) Video with an audio has a second alternative
1.3.1 – Info and Relationships Logical structures
1.3.2 – Meaningful Sequence Present content in a meaningful order
1.3.3 – Sensory Characteristics Use more than one sense for instructions
1.4.1 – Use of Colour Don’t use presentation that relies solely on colour
1.4.2 – Audio Control Don’t play audio automatically
2.1.1 – Keyboard Accessible by keyboard only
2.1.2 – No Keyboard Trap Don’t trap keyboard users
2.1.4 – Character Key Shortcuts Do not use single key shortcuts or provide a way to turn them off or change them
2.2.1 – Timing Adjustable Time limits have user controls
2.2.2 – Pause, Stop, Hide Provide user controls for moving content
2.3.1 – Three Flashes or Below No content flashes more than three times per second
2.4.1 – Bypass Blocks Provide a “Skip to Content” link
2.4.2 – Page Titled Helpful and clear page title
2.4.3 – Focus Order Logical Order
2.4.4 – Link Purpose (In Context) Every link’s purpose is clear from its context
2.5.1 – Pointer Gestures Users can perform touch functions with assistive technology or one finger
2.5.2 – Pointer Cancellation This requirement applies to web content that interprets pointer actions
2.5.3 – Label in Name The name contains the text that is presented visually
2.5.4 – Motion Actuation Functions that are trigged by moving a device or by gesturing towards a device can also be operated by more conventional user interface components
3.1.1 – Language of Page Page has a language assigned
3.2.1 – On Focus Elements do not change when they receive focus
3.2.2 – On Input Elements do not change when they receive input
3.3.1 – Error Identification Clearly identify input errors
3.3.2 – Labels or Instructions Label elements and give instructions
4.1.1 – Parsing No major code errors
4.1.2 – Name, Role, Value Build all elements for accessibility
WCAG 2.1 Level AA
1.2.4 – Captions (Live) Live videos have captions
1.2.5 – Audio Description (Pre-recorded) Users have access to audio description for video content
1.3.4 – Orientation Requires authors not to rely on a screen orientation
1.3.5 – Identify Input Purpose Ensure common names are provided using the HTML autocomplete list
1.4.3 – Contrast (Minimum) Contrast ratio between text and background is at least 4.5:1
1.4.4 – Resize Text Text can be resized to 200% without loss of content or function
1.4.5 – Images of Text Don’t use images of text
1.4.10 – Reflow Your website must be responsive
1.4.11 – Non-Text Contrast High contrast between pieces of text and their backgrounds
1.4.12 – Text Spacing Text spacing can be overridden to improve the reading experience
1.4.13 – Content on Hover Focus Ensuring content visible on hover or keyboard focus does not lead to accessibility issues
2.4.5 – Multiple Ways Offer several ways to find pages
2.4.6 – Headings and Labels Use clear headings and labels
2.4.7 – Focus Visible Keyboard focus is visible and clear
3.1.2 – Language of Parts Tell users when the language on a page changes
3.2.3 – Consistent Navigation Use menus consistently
3.2.4 – Consistent Identification Use icons and buttons consistently
3.3.3 – Error Suggestion Suggest fixes when users make errors
3.3.4 – Error Prevention (Legal, Financial, Data) Reduce the risk of input errors for sensitive data
4.1.3 – Status Changes Distances between paragraphs, rows, words and characters must be able to be increased to
a certain value
Here is a concise, one-page WCAG 2.2 AA checklist for developers, focusing on practical implementation steps and covering both continuing AA requirements and new 2.2 additions.
It is worth noting the process that LG went through in designing accessibility from the start.https://kma.global/lgs-next-gen-kiosks-advance-a-better-life-for-all. Another recent resource is from McDonalds — McDonald’s Kiosk – Magnification and Reach Mode Accessibility — Extending Accessibility to Kiosks and Online From McDonald’s — Accessible to …
Provide text alternatives (alt text) for images, icons, charts, and other non-text content.
Ensure all audio/video has captions and transcripts; provide audio descriptions for video when needed.
Ensure color contrast ratio is at least 4.5:1 for text and 3:1 for UI components.
Do not use color alone to convey meaning (use patterns, text or icons too).
Let users resize text to 200% with no loss of content or functionality.
Content must reflow responsively without horizontal scrolling, up to 400% zoom.
Don’t use images of text unless essential (e.g., logos).
All functionality must be accessible by keyboard only—test for “no mouse” use.
Provide visible focus indication for all interactive elements.
Ensure logical focus order and structure.
Allow enough time for users to read and use content (timing adjustable).
Do not design content that flashes more than three times per second.
Provide “Skip to Content” and use headings/landmarks for navigation.
Ensure multiple ways to locate pages (menus, search, sitemap, etc.).
Touch/drag functionality: Provide alternatives to dragging; all pointer targets ≥24×24 CSS pixels.
Use clear, descriptive headings and labels throughout interfaces.
Identify the page’s language and any language changes in content.
Keep navigation and components consistent across pages.
When users make errors, identify them clearly and suggest corrections.
For critical actions, prevent errors by confirming before submission or reversible action.
Autofill and allow previously entered information for repeated forms (reducing redundant entry).
All content is compatible with screen readers and assistive technologies (use semantic HTML, ARIA roles/labels as needed).
Use valid code—no errors in HTML, ARIA, etc..
Ensure status messages (success/error notifications) are accessible to screen readers.
Focus Not Obscured: Interactive elements must not be fully hidden by overlays or sticky headers when focused.
Consistent Help: Place help options (contact, chat, etc.) in the same location on all relevant pages.
Accessible Authentication: Login/authentication must not rely on memory, puzzles, or non-accessible methods; alternatives must be provided.
This checklist covers the critical, testable actions needed for AA conformance in WCAG 2.2.
This year marks the 35th anniversary of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), the landmark legislation that transformed public spaces, workplaces and digital platforms in the United States by protecting the rights of people with disabilities. This milestone is ushering in a new generation of B2B technology that is reshaping the way accessibility is delivered in daily life—most visibly through the self-service kiosks people encounter in restaurants, hotels, transit hubs, healthcare facilities and retail stores.
LG Electronics is helping to lead this change with the debut of its new Gen 2 Self-Ordering Kiosks, purpose-built for users with vision, mobility and hearing disabilities. Developed in collaboration with accessibility consultants at Tech for All and informed by continuous feedback from people with disabilities, the kiosks are designed to bring equity, independence and dignity to every interaction.
Accessibility by Design, Not Retrofit
Unlike traditional kiosks that often required late-stage adaptations, LG’s Gen 2 kiosks were intentionally designed with inclusion at their core. Available in multiple configurations—including a motorized height-adjustable pedestal—they feature tactile input options, voice guidance and screen-reader compatibility. These features make the kiosks accessible to wheelchair users, people who are blind or low vision and those with hearing challenges.
As Michael O’Hare, Systems Accessibility Director at Tech for All, explains: “Getting accessibility early is key. It’s very difficult to go back and fix things. By working from concept through prototyping, LG avoided those costly late changes—and built something that truly works for everyone.”
Collaboration Driving Industry Momentum
LG’s approach goes beyond hardware. The company is co-chair of the Kiosk Manufacturer Association Accessibility Committee, where it works alongside industry partners to advance shared accessibility standards. LG kiosks support a range of assistive technologies, including Vispero’s JAWS® for Kiosk screen reader, Storm Interface’s AudioNav™ tactile keypads and SoundHound AI’s voice interface. Future add-ons, like webcam accessories, promise even greater functionality.
This collaborative spirit aligns directly with LG’s ESG vision of a Better Life for All, which emphasizes inclusion across both consumer and commercial innovations. Beyond kiosks, LG’s accessibility strategy spans audio-narrated appliance manuals, voice assistant integrations and thoughtful product design across its portfolio.
ADA at 35: From Compliance to Empowerment
The ADA laid the foundation for accessibility in the United States. Today, technology leaders like LG are building on that foundation, ensuring that accessibility is seamlessly woven into the everyday experiences of millions of people worldwide.
For LG, accessibility is more than regulatory compliance — it is a catalyst for innovation. As Peter Kim, B2B Strategic Alliance Team Leader at LG Electronics USA, puts it:
“Technology should empower everyone. By embedding accessibility into the DNA of these kiosks, we’re delivering solutions that are genuinely inclusive and empowering.”
New replacement standard for UL 60950 is released, 62368-1. Cost is $725 for PDF and UL doesn’t provide any list of changes from one edition to another. You do need to be running Windows so you can use their specific Adobe reader in order to access the information (or get a hardcopy).
Expect North America, EU, and major markets to enforce these changes rapidly after July 31, 2025.
Removal of Clause 4.1.1:
Components or subassemblies certified only to legacy standards IEC 60950-1 (IT/communications) or IEC 60065 (AV) are no longer automatically accepted. ALL components must now be evaluated according to IEC/UL 62368-1 requirements, which may require retesting and recertification for many manufacturers12345.
More precise definitions added for terms such as audio amplifier, liquid cooling terms, loudspeaker driver, subassembly, and several battery-related concepts. The scope is extended to clarify which types of products and cooling systems (notably for liquid cooling in data centers or high-performance equipment) fall under the standard65.
Annex M Revisions:
All types of secondary lithium batteries are now included, regardless of whether they are portable or stationary. Specific safety requirements for stationary (non-portable) lithium battery systems are imposed—including design, charging, and enclosure requirements345.
Clarifications on fire enclosure construction and the classification of potential ignition sources (PIS):
Expanded and updated requirements for liquid-filled components and modular liquid-filled cooling (LFC) systems over 1 liter, to address the growth of direct liquid-cooling in modern electronics and data centers645.
New table and updated requirements for external circuits, referencing IEC 61000-4-5 Installation Classes 0 and 1 for surge protection, particularly relevant for network and communication equipment3.
Editorial clarifications throughout, including how accessibility is handled for users needing to open enclosures with tools, and small wording changes to improve testability and implementation35.
Summary of Changes in UL 62368-1
If you manufacture, import, or certify AV/ICT products:
Review your components for any continued reliance on legacy standards—these must be re-evaluated and potentially redesigned or re-tested.
Special focus if you use lithium batteries, liquid cooling, or high-power networks:
New requirements may mandate substantial documentation and structural changes.
Expect North America, EU, and major markets to enforce these changes rapidly after July 31, 2025.
This edition is a major shift for ongoing safety compliance and product design within the electronics sector7145.
Supersedes Previous Standards:
IEC 62368-1 replaces IEC 60950-1 (ICT equipment) and IEC 60065 (AV equipment) as the unified standard for North America and the EU, effective December 20, 2020. Both UL and EU harmonized this transition date for manufacturers to plan globally1.
Hazard-Based Safety Engineering (HBSE):
The standard introduces a hazard-based, rather than prescriptive, approach. This means safety is based on analyzing potential hazards (energy sources), measuring their danger, classifying them, and choosing suitable safeguards, offering greater flexibility and keeping pace with technological changes1.
Scope:
IEC 62368-1 covers all equipment previously regulated by 60950-1 and 60065, and more—such as servers, laptops, consumer electronics, displays, telecom products, and related power supplies. The list will expand as technology evolves (e.g., smartphones, tablets, 3D printers)1.
Certification and Transition Guidance:
In the US: A “soft transition” allows legacy-certified products to remain without detailed review, provided no significant safety changes are made.
In the EU: The transition is stricter; old standards are withdrawn and presumption of conformity ends, making 62368-1 mandatory for new products after the deadline1.
Sub-clause 4.1.1 (temporary): Allows continued use of legacy 60950-1/60065 components in products certified to 62368-1, as long as they meet existing ratings. This clause will eventually be removed, affecting inventory management1.
HBSE Implementation Details:
Energy sources in equipment are classified as Class 1 (not harmful), Class 2 (painful but not injurious), or Class 3 (injurious/with fire risk).
Safeguards required depend on the hazard class: basic for Class 1, at least one for Class 2, reinforced/double for Class 3.
Special test probes and new methods for accessibility testing, including for children, are mandated1.
OEM Guidance:
OEMs must examine their product lines and component sourcing to ensure compliance.
Manufacturers are urged to study the standard, understand its HBSE philosophy, and adapt design/evaluation processes.
They should work proactively to address overlap periods and clarify regional requirements, as US and EU may apply legacy/transition provisions differently1.
Benefits of New Standard:
Greater design freedom and adaptability to new tech.
Simplifies compliance for products with combined AV and ICT functions.
Reduces need for frequent standard updates.
Offers a more risk-oriented, performance-based approach to user protection1.
International Status:
Adoption varies globally, but North America, Europe, Japan, Australia/New Zealand, and Mexico have issued national editions, or started adoption, to align with IEC 62368-11.
UL 62368-1 is a safety standard for audio/video, information technology, and communication technology equipment that is based on hazard-based safety engineering (HBSE) principles. It aims to ensure that equipment is safe to use by proactively identifying and mitigating risks such as electric shock, fire, thermal burns, mechanical hazards, hazardous substances, and radiation567.
Key features of UL 62368-1:
Scope: The standard covers a broad range of products, including servers, personal computers, routers, laptops, tablets, power supplies, home theater systems, amplifiers, digital cameras, monitors, TVs, projectors, telecommunication equipment, printers, copiers, and shredders16.
Hazard-Based Approach: Unlike previous standards (such as IEC 60950-1), which were incident-based and focused on specific requirements after an issue occurred, UL 62368-1 is proactive. It requires manufacturers to:
Identify potential hazards (energy sources like electrical, thermal, mechanical, etc.).
Analyze and classify energy sources into classes based on the potential for injury or fire (Class 1: not hazardous, Class 2: painful but not injurious, Class 3: injurious)6.
Apply appropriate safeguards (design features or instructions) to prevent harm, especially when class 2 or class 3 energy sources are present46.
Construction and Documentation Requirements: The standard includes guidelines for mechanical strength, electrical insulation, ventilation, clear markings, and comprehensive documentation for safe operation5.
Global Certification: Products that meet UL 62368-1 can obtain international safety certification, which is often a regulatory requirement and can reassure end-users and insurers regarding product safety7.
Not Covered: The standard does not regulate outdoor equipment, manufacturing, disposal, or storage processes, nor does it cover injuries from non-standard use or certain hazardous substances4.
Overall, implementation of UL 62368-1 shifts regulatory requirements from a prescriptive, rule-based approach to one that emphasizes risk assessment, hazard identification, and performance-based safety solutions for modern electronic equipment467.
UL 62368-1 does apply to electronic kiosks and digital signage when these products fall within the scope of audio/video (AV), information technology equipment (ITE), or communication technology products. The standard is hazard-based and was designed to replace both the earlier standards covering AV (IEC 60065) and ITE (IEC 60950-1) equipment. As such, the new scope was intentionally broadened to reflect convergence in technology—including products like electronic kiosks and digital signage.
Electronic kiosks and digital signage are covered: These are considered examples of equipment with computing or audio/video functions. They typically include components such as screens, embedded computers, network connections, and power supplies, all of which are explicitly within the standard’s coverage.
Examples listed in the standard and transition guides: Both detailed technical guides and summaries about UL/IEC 62368-1 explicitly enumerate “electronic kiosks” as typical products evaluated to this standard. The coverage is not limited to those mentioned; if a product falls under AV or ICT as defined, it is included.
Digital signage: Products like interactive displays, touchscreens, and digital signage systems for public information or advertising are squarely within the definition, since they are “display units” or “audio/video information technology”, being a natural extension of traditional monitors and projectors—all already listed as examples123.
Requirements: Compliance covers the system as a whole, not just components. These products must be assessed based on hazard-based safety engineering, covering risks such as electric shock, fire, mechanical hazards, and more. The requirements extend to associated power supplies and subassemblies as well.
Notable Exclusions:
UL 62368-1 does not regulate installation in wet or outdoor environments. For kiosks or signage meant for outdoor use, other standards (such as IEC 60950-22 or UL 60950-22, now under replacement as well) may apply for environmental/ruggedization safety2.
In Summary:
Suppose your electronic kiosk or digital signage system is used in indoor, commercial, or similar settings and falls within typical AV/ICT equipment. In that case, it is subject to the requirements of UL/IEC 62368-1. Manufacturers, integrators, or facility operators should ensure that new products of this type are certified to this standard for regulatory compliance and safety assurance.
1: IEC 62368-1: An Introduction to the New Safety Standard for ICT and AV Equipment
2: 62368-1 UL Transition Guide 2020-03
3: IRG5500 Cellular LTE Routers – Ingram Micro
Often, we are put in the position of being the critic but we also like to spotlight positive directions in accessible retail.
]In February 2024 Starbucks announced its new accessibility initiative. The Washington D.C. store was its first such store and rated AAA for highest. Starbucks is growing its U.S. store base by about 4% annually, with over 17,000 stores in the U.S. as of mid-2025. The company has committed to embedding the Inclusive Spaces Framework in all new and renovated stores, but has not released a breakdown of how many stores have reached the AAA level specifically.
Safe to say approximately 1,540 Starbucks locations in the U.S. have either opened new or undergone significant renovation since June 2024. 17,000 stores total.
So progress for sure.
What is notable about the framework is its attention to architecture and environment. Sign language by employees is available. Normally you might hear about contrast or screenreaders or device height. Echo cancellation for patrons wearing hearing aids like us.
Payment is always a critical component, but Starbucks customers tend to use their mobile devices for payment via the loyalty app. At least a third of all payments are made this way.
We haven’t seen or heard any updates but apparently it is quietly progressing providing better and more efficient transactions for all.
Starbucks’ Inclusive Spaces Framework is a comprehensive set of design guidelines aimed at making its retail environments more accessible, inclusive, and welcoming for everyone—including people with disabilities. This framework goes beyond legal requirements like the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and is intended to expand independence, choice, and ease for all customers and employees across both physical and digital spaces123.
: The framework is structured into three levels—A, AA, and AAA—each representing increasing levels of accessibility and inclusion. AAA is the highest standard, exceeding ADA requirements in many areas4.
: It covers all aspects of the retail experience, from the entrance and paths of travel to goods and services, bathrooms, employee areas, and overall ambience4.
: Starbucks developed the framework in partnership with a diverse community of customers, employees (partners), and accessibility experts to ensure real-world relevance and scalability13.
:
Multiple accessible routes, power-operated or fully automatic doors, and clear signage in visual, tactile, and audible formats.
Unobstructed lines of sight and barrier-free paths throughout the store4.
:
:
:
Adjustable lighting and acoustics to accommodate a range of sensory needs.
Furniture designed for mobility device access and companion seating areas4.
: The framework is being incorporated into all newly built and renovated Starbucks company-operated stores in the U.S., with the first store built under these guidelines opening in Washington, D.C. in 2024123.
Open Source and Industry Influence: Starbucks has made the framework openly available to encourage broader adoption across the retail industry, aiming to set a new standard for accessibility and inclusion17.
: The framework is designed to be updated and refined over time, with feedback from customers, employees, and accessibility experts13.
The Inclusive Spaces Framework reflects Starbucks’ commitment to creating environments where everyone feels they belong, regardless of ability. By going beyond compliance and focusing on real-world usability, Starbucks aims to foster a sense of belonging and ease for all who enter its stores123.
Accessibility Update 2025 — We encourage accessibility. Accessible self service is the ideal for us. If we had one wish, it would be that self-service accessibility for all be treated much like safety. Seat belts and airbags benefit everyone. They are not optional for auto manufacturers. Emissions control is another. I drive a 2006 Acura TL and it would not be allowed on the road in China. From kioskindustry.org
The value of a single aspect detail checklist like below is that we need 20 or 30 other ones like this, covering the different aspects of self-service, and not just a web interface on a desktop computer screen. Most of us use mobiles anyway.
We have our basic checklist, but we would like to expand those items into actions. In the kiosk and digital signage world we have to think about multiple factors
Insight — with the onset of “AI Fever” there are already examples of transactional processes being needlessly confused and diverted due to AI.
Note: current website project if interested — The City of Dallas (“the City”) invites information from established vendors or providers specializing in State and Local government technology services, specifically digital agencies/companies experienced with redesign, redevelopment, maintenance and management of external / public facing websites. The project scope includes user research to review the effectiveness of current websites (both the homepage and department specific pages), development of revised architecture, design and templates; content migration; and recommendations for new service-based functionality. The City is interested in responses from those with proven experience in the website design, redesign, migration, upgrade and ongoing maintenance sector. 01- Specifications- Website Redesign and Maintenance RFI Specs Final (002)
The most recently released version of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) is WCAG 2.2. It was officially published as a W3C Recommendation on October 5, 2023, with an update released on December 12, 2024267. WCAG 2.2 adds nine new success criteria to those in WCAG 2.1 and removes one obsolete criterion (4.1.1 Parsing), aiming to improve accessibility for users with cognitive disabilities, low vision, and limited fine motor skills678.
WCAG 2.2 is now the recommended standard for web accessibility, but it does not deprecate or supersede WCAG 2.1 or 2.0. All three versions remain valid, though the W3C encourages organizations to use the most recent version—WCAG 2.2—for the greatest future applicability127.
A future major version, WCAG 3.0, is still under development and has not been released. It is expected to become a W3C standard in several years458.
Note: that we have excluded the Jones Generation (I am in that one).
Here is a summary of the primary generational cohorts in the United States, their typical birth years, current age ranges, and their estimated share of the U.S. population:
| Generation | Birth Years | Age in 2025 | % of U.S. Population (2023) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Silent Generation | 1928–1945 | 80–97 | Not specified |
| Baby Boomers | 1946–1964 | 61–79 | 73 million |
| Generation X | 1965–1980 | 45–60 | 65 million |
| Millennials | 1981–1996 | 29–44 | 73 million |
| Generation Z | 1997–2012 | 13–28 | 69 million |
| Generation Alpha | ~2013–2024 | 1–12 | 38 million |
Key Details:
Millennials (born 1981–1996, ages 29–44 in 2025) are the largest generation group, making up about 21.71% of the U.S. population in 202342.
Generation Z (born 1997–2012, ages 13–28 in 2025) accounts for around 20.69% of the population47.
Baby Boomers (born 1946–1964, ages 61–79 in 2025) are the second-largest group, though their numbers are shrinking as the population ages257.
Generation Alpha (born early 2010s–2024, ages 1–12 in 2025) is the newest named generation and is said to make up a significant share of the population, with some estimates suggesting around 42.75%, though this figure may include overlap with younger Gen Z27.
Generation X (born 1965–1980, ages 45–60 in 2025) is smaller than Boomers and Millennials but will surpass Boomers in population by 2028 as the latter cohort ages57.
Note: The exact percentage for some generations (Silent, Gen X) is not specified in the latest available data, but Millennials and Gen Z together make up over 42% of the population as of 20234.
More than 1 in 4 adults in the United States—over 70 million people—report having some type of disability, according to the latest CDC data from 2022214. The most common types of disabilities and their prevalence among U.S. adults are as follows:
| Disability Type | % of U.S. Adults | Estimated Number of Adults (2022) |
|---|---|---|
| Any disability | 28.7% | 70+ million214 |
| Cognitive disability | 13.9% | ~34 million145 |
| Mobility disability | 12.2% | ~30 million145 |
| Independent living | 7.7% | ~19 million15 |
| Hearing disability | 6.2% | ~15 million135 |
| Vision disability | 5.5% | ~13 million135 |
| Self-care disability | 3.6% | ~9 million1 |
Cognitive disability: Serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions. Includes learning disabilities, intellectual disabilities, autism, ADHD, and memory loss145.
Mobility disability: Serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs. Includes conditions like arthritis, muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, and spinal injuries15.
Independent living disability: Difficulty doing errands alone, such as visiting a doctor or shopping15.
Hearing disability: Deafness or serious difficulty hearing135.
Vision disability: Blindness or serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses135.
Self-care disability: Difficulty dressing or bathing independently1.
Disability prevalence increases with age, affecting 16% of adults aged 18–44, 29% of those aged 45–64, and about 50% of individuals over 654.
Rates are higher among Black (31%) and Hispanic (30%) adults compared to white adults (24%)4.
Many adults experience more than one type of disability3.
These figures underscore the significant impact of disability across U.S. society and highlight the importance of accessibility and support for individuals with a wide range of impairments.
Yes, Baby Boomers have fewer years left to buy cars compared to Millennials.
Life Expectancy: Most Baby Boomers (born 1946–1964) are currently between 61 and 79 years old. The average life expectancy for Boomers is around 79–88 years, depending on gender and health1356. This means the oldest Boomers may have less than a decade, and the youngest up to 20–25 years, of car-buying years left.
Current Car-Buying Patterns: Despite their age, Boomers are still very active car buyers. In fact, the 55-to-64 age group (older Boomers) is currently the most likely to buy a new car, and even those over 75 buy cars at higher rates than some younger groups24.
Generational Shift: As Boomers age into their 80s, car buying will naturally decline due to reduced mobility, health issues, and eventually, the cessation of driving1356. Millennials, being younger, have many more years ahead for car purchases.
In summary: Boomers are still strong contributors to car sales, but their remaining years for buying cars are limited compared to Millennials, who have several decades of car-buying ahead of them1256.
In Practice:
Over a typical adult lifespan, both Baby Boomers and Millennials are likely to purchase between 6 and 8 vehicles (new and used), assuming average car replacement every 7–10 years over a 50–60 year driving lifetime (from age 18 to 75+).
Millennials may buy cars at a slightly slower rate early in adulthood, but this gap closes as they age and their life circumstances converge with those of Boomers38
